In the final quarter of 2007, passenger transport saw the largest increase in air transport and the largest decline in city bus transport. Within land passenger transport, the declining trend of bus transport continued. The annual decline in the number of passengers in intercity and city bus transport (-3.9% and -3.5%, respectively) was also similar to the average annual decrease in the last three years (5.9% and 3.3%, respectively). The volume of railway passenger transport in the final quarter of 2007 did not strengthen significantly year on year; the 2.4% growth recorded in 2007 was also only slightly above the three-year average (2.1%). Air transport and airport transport posted vigorous growth in the final quarter of last year (27.6% and 19.6% year on year, respectively). The increases in 2007 (13.7% and 13.3%, respectively) were also somewhat greater relative to the average annual rises in the last few years. In air transport, this also enabled an increase in aircraft fleet (lease of one and purchase of two new aircrafts) and in airport transport, the completion of the first phase of the new passenger terminal and arrival of two new airline companies, which started to fly regularly from Ljubljanas airport last year. Within freight transport, road transport has increased significantly, whereas maritime freight transport is still decreasing slightly, following the boom recorded in this branch two years before. In the final quarter last year, the volume of freight transport by rail decreased by 3.7% relative to the same quarter of 2006, whereas 2007 as a whole saw a solid 6.8% growth, which exceeded the average growth in the last three years (4.6%). Road freight transport strengthened by as much as 19.1% in the final quarter of 2007; the high 13.4% annual growth nevertheless fell short of the annual average of the last three years by almost 2.p.p. Against the background of favourable international trends, maritime freight transport increased by a respective 30.6% and 41.8% in 2004 and 2005, whereas it dropped by a respective 6.4% and 5.2% in 2006 and 2007. The fall in the volume of maritime transport in the final quarter last year (-8.7%) indicates that the slowdown continues. Harbour freight transport in the final quarter and in 2007 as a whole recorded only a slight increase, particularly compared to the high 22.5% growth in 2006 (average annual growth in the last three years totalled 9.5%). Road freight transport by domestic carriers recorded a much stronger increase than railway freight transport over the last few years, largely due to the increasing international transport (see graph). The volume of road freight transport (in tonne kilometres - tkm), which was almost as much as three times greater than railway transport in 2004, increased by 4,728 million tkm until 2007 (by 52.5%), whereas railway transport increased only by 454 million tkm (by 14.4%). In three years, road freight transport became almost four times greater than railway transport; the share of road transport within freight transport rose to 79.2%. Road transport growth strengthened particularly after Slovenias accession to the EU and mainly through increased international transport (see SEM 1/2008: 14). The largest increase was recorded in cross-trade transport and cabotage, by 2,161 million tkm (by 155.2%). International transport of goods loaded in Slovenia increased by 1,323 million tkm (by 49.4%) and international transport of goods unloaded in Slovenia by 937 million tkm (by 35.1%). National road transport in Slovenia increased by a mere 306 million tkm (by 13.5%).
Looking at freight transport, there was a significant increase in maritime and railway transport, while the volume of road transport remained roughly at the level from last years second quarter. After the volume of maritime transport fell by a fifth in the first quarter, it rose by 14.5% in the second quarter of 2007, year on year. The volume of transport has become more volatile in recent years, but the volume of goods carried has not contracted significantly relative to the global conjuncture witnessed in the industry in 2005. Maritime transport is one of the minor transport modes in Slovenia. Railway freight transport grew by 14.9% in the first quarter and continued to grow strongly in the second quarter. Harbour transport recorded a modest increase, while road freight transport did not increase in year-on-year terms in the second quarter, partly because of the very high volume of road transport seen in the second quarter of 2006. Data also show that the expansion in this mode of transport, boosted by the abolition of restrictions upon Slovenias accession to the EU, has moderated somewhat this year Slovenia is near the top among EU countries according to the volume of road freight transport per capita. The assessment refers to the volume of freight transport expressed in tonne kilometres, undertaken by freight vehicles registered in a given country. It measures carriage by domestic freight vehicles in the country of registration and abroad, and not the volume of transport within the territory of a given country. In 2006 by far the most per capita road shipments were performed by carriers registered in Luxembourg (18,766 tkm; see graph). Slovenian carriers (with three times lower freight transport per capita) were ranked second and performed 58.9% more transport than the average carrier in the EU. The high intensity of road freight transport in Slovenia is the result of the surging growth rates of road transport, particularly in 2004 and 2005 (27.9% and 22.5%). From the second quarter of 2004 to the second quarter of 2007, the volume of shipments carried by freight vehicles registered in Slovenia increased by 53.8%. Domestic transport rose by 23.9%, while international transport climbed by as much as 63.8%. Within international transport, the largest (3.2-fold) increase was recorded in cross-trade transport and cabotage (transport performed in another country). The well-developed shipping industry in Slovenia is attributable to Slovenias favourable position at the crossing of European corridors V and X. Transport on these corridors is increasing, and Slovenian carriers are exploiting new business opportunities. With Slovenias entry into the EU, a number of administrative barriers for carriage within the EU were removed for Slovenian carriers (especially the procurement of a limited number of licences). Slovenia also negotiated the possibility to perform cabotage in the EU-15 countries, which the Eastern European countries that joined the EU together with Slovenia will only be allowed to do after the end of a five-year period.
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